2 of 2 · c. 65 AH / 685 CE · Makkah, Ta'if or Egypt (accounts differ)
'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As رضي الله عنه
The Muslim Whom Others Are Safe From
Many of the Prophet's best-known statements on character come through 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr. It is he who reported, "The Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe" (Sahih al-Bukhari 10), and that the Prophet ﷺ was never coarse or foul, and used to say, "The best of you are the best in character" (Sahih al-Bukhari 3559).
He was known as a scholar of the earlier scriptures as well. A report says he came into possession of some books of the People of the Book after the Battle of Yarmuk and would relate from them; because of this, some later scholars were careful about reports that might have come from that source. The report is of limited strength and the point is only a matter of caution, not an accusation.
He lived long, and died around 65 AH. Even the place is disputed: Makkah, Ta'if, Egypt and Palestine are all named. What is certain is the number of people who learned from him, among them his own pupils in Makkah and Egypt, and how much of his knowledge reached us in writing.
A life of devotion and learning is measured not by how much we say but by whether people are safe from our tongue and hand.
Would the people around you say they are safe from your tongue and your hand?
- Sahih al-Bukhari 10 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Sahih al-Bukhari 3559Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-TahdhibHistorical report
- al-Dhahabi, Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'Historical report
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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