4 of 4 · 11 AH – c. 68 AH · after the Prophet's passing · Madinah, Iraq and Kufah
'Adi ibn Hatim رضي الله عنه
The Man Who Held His People
When the Prophet ﷺ died, many Arab tribes broke away from the obligations of Islam. Tayyi' wavered too. 'Adi stayed with them, reminded them of what they had witnessed, and held them to Islam. He then brought the tribe's zakat to Abu Bakr in Madinah. Abu Bakr and the scholars after him remembered him as one of the few chiefs through whom a whole tribe was kept from apostasy.
'Adi fought in the conquests of Iraq, and later stood on the side of 'Ali ibn Abi Talib in the civil strife. He is reported to have lost an eye at the Battle of the Camel. It is also reported that, after the fighting, he grieved over the bloodshed among the Muslims and regretted it. That sorrow is how the Sunni tradition prefers to remember him: not as a partisan but as one who loved both sides.
He settled in Kufah, lived a very long life, and died there around 68 AH. His generous father's reputation was passed down, but so was his own: he was known for his steadiness and for the many hadith he narrated, among them the Prophet's ﷺ saying to guard oneself from the Fire, even with half a date.
A person can bring a whole community to safety by keeping his own faith firm when others waver.
When people around you waver, what keeps you anchored?
- al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa'l-Muluk (the apostasy wars)Historical report
- Ibn Hajar, al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-SahabahHistorical report
- al-Dhahabi, Siyar A'lam al-Nubala'Historical report
- Sahih al-Bukhari 1417 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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