Step 8 of 10
Sa'i Between al-Safa and al-Marwah
Next comes the sa'i: going seven times between the hills of al-Safa and al-Marwah. Allah says: ﴿إِنَّ ٱلصَّفَا وَٱلْمَرْوَةَ مِن شَعَآئِرِ ٱللَّهِ﴾ (“Indeed, al-Safa and al-Marwah are among the symbols of Allah”). As the Prophet ﷺ came near al-Safa he recited this verse and said: "I begin with what Allah began with."
Climb al-Safa until you can see the Ka'bah, face it, declare Allah's oneness and greatness, and say the words below three times, making du'a in between. Then walk to al-Marwah and do the same there.
Going from al-Safa to al-Marwah is one lap and coming back is a second, so the seventh lap ends at al-Marwah. On the stretch that was once the valley floor, marked today with green lights, men run, as the Prophet ﷺ did; elsewhere they walk.
'A'ishah explained that the verse's wording, that there is "no blame" in going between the two hills, was revealed because some of the Ansar had felt uneasy about it, not because the sa'i may be left. The schools differ on its exact ruling, as set out below.
لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لاَ شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ أَنْجَزَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ الأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ
La ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lah, lahu al-mulku wa lahu al-hamd, wa huwa 'ala kulli shay'in qadir. La ilaha illa Allah wahdah, anjaza wa'dah, wa nasara 'abdah, wa hazama al-ahzaba wahdah
There is no god but Allah, alone, with no partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He has power over all things. There is no god but Allah alone; He fulfilled His promise, gave victory to His servant, and alone defeated the confederates.
The four schools differ on some details. Show them
Each school's ruling, with the schools that share it named together.
Is the sa'i a pillar of 'Umrah?
3 of 4 schools agree. Differing: Hanafi.
Show each school
- Obligatory (wajib)Hanafi
- Pillar (rukn)Maliki · Shafi'i · Hanbali
- Hanafi
- The sa'i is obligatory but not a pillar: one who leaves it has still completed the 'Umrah, but owes a sacrifice (dam).
- Maliki
- The sa'i is a pillar: the 'Umrah is not complete without it, and nothing can make up for it.
- Shafi'i
- The sa'i is a pillar: the 'Umrah is not complete without it, and nothing can make up for it.
- Hanbali
- In the relied-upon view the sa'i is a pillar that the 'Umrah is not complete without; another narration from Imam Ahmad holds that it is obligatory but not a pillar.
- Qur'an 2:158
- Sahih Muslim 1218Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Sahih al-Bukhari 1623 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Sahih al-Bukhari 1643 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Sahih Muslim 1277Sahih · in the two Sahihs
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
The positions of the four schools are summarised from their standard references and are pending review by a qualified scholar. Follow the school you were taught, and for your own situation, ask a scholar.
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